Review of Terror and Liberalism by Paul Berman
9 Mar
Guest post by Eldritchfan.
The god-men have disappeared underground into the unconscious. There we fool ourselves that they lead an ignominious existence among the relics of our past. Our present lives are dominated by the goddess Reason, who is our greatest and most tragic illusion.
Carl Jung
A good quote to sum up this book, which exposes some of the misconceptions liberals make when dealing with terrorism, as well as exploring the difficulties many liberals have when confronting terrorism and the motives behind it.
Ultimately it comes of a failure to recognize the reality of pathological mass movements. That humans are not rational by default, but can very easily become romantically obsessed en mass with irrational and destructive beliefs.
In the secular West we value rationality and reason. Not to say we are rational, we just value these traits, and that is not universal.
Berman outlines the thoughts and philosophies behind such phenomena as the anarchist movement in Russia and beyond, the rebellion in breaking down the social order celebrated by Camus and the more grotesque works of later artists.
He gives an illuminating look into the Islamic response in an analysis of Sayid Qutb, founding member of the Muslim Brotherhood and his massive 30-volume analysis of the Koran and modern society, “In the Shade of the Koran.”
It is, by Berman’s analysis, a towering masterpiece of the totalitarian mind and a window into the thought process of an extremely intelligent man whose full intelligence is devoted to his religion and who views all reality through the distorting lens of the Koran.*
It can be enlightening to see yourself through an enemy’s eyes, and Berman gives an interpretation of this latter day O’Brien’s impression of our society, here quoted verbatim:
The whole purpose of liberalism was to put religion in one corner, and the state in a different corner, and to keep those corners apart. The liberal idea arose in the seventeenth century in England and Scotland, and the philosophers who invented it wanted to prevent the English Civil War which had just taken place, from breaking out again. So they proposed to scoop up the cause of that war, which was religion, and, in the gentlest way, to cart it off to another place, which was the sphere of the private life, where every church and sect could freely rail at each of the others.
Liberalism wanted to carve up life into different slices and keep each of those slices in its proper spot. The churches, from their place in private life, would be free to bestow blessings and curses. But they would not be able to enforce their blessings and curses by calling out the police. The state, by contrast, would be free to call out the police – but would not have the power to bestow blessings and curses. The idea of maintaining a separation between material powers and spiritual powers was wonderfully practical, but also more than practical. There was a grandeur in that idea. It held out a vision of freedom not just for one group of people and their favorite doctrine, but for everyone – a society in which each and every individual might entertain religious or spiritual doctrines of his own, perhaps in harmony with everyone else’s, or not, but freely either way.
That was exactly what Qutb could not abide. He understood very clearly how religion is treated in liberal societies. In Milestones, he described the kind of social system in which, unlike in Communist society, “God’s existence is not denied, but His domain is restricted to the heavens and His rule one earth suspended.”
(snip – brief digression into the hypocrisies and injustices of the West which Qutb overlooks)
He took liberal society at its best – a society in which Muslims would, in fact, enjoy the same religious freedom as everyone else. But liberalism at its best held no appeal to him.
Ironically, it is those very perceived weaknesses that I would call our virtues.
Or as Hitch put it: “Mr. Jefferson, build up that wall!”
Sam Harris once wrote that liberals simply do not understand what it’s like to really believe in God. I would go it a step further and claim very few conservatives truly understand what it’s like to believe in God. The blessings of secularism have so permeated the West that all but the most extreme of believers view the world through some measure of this mindset, and even the worst Dominionists who fight the hardest against secularism understand that there is another option.
Berman concludes by underlying the inherent enmity between secular liberal society and Islam and the wrongheaded impression of liberal thinkers such as Noam Chomsky who provides an insightful yet oversimplified analysis of world events.
Read for an interesting look at the philosophies behind the pathological mass movements of today and yesterday.
*Now to lay my cards on the table, I haven’t read through the thing. It’s hard to get a translated copy and I really don’t have time to read it if I did, but I’ve read up on Qutb himself and his opinions, as well as several summaries, and after wading through the brain-twisting doublethink muck of rationalized irrationality (to use novelist James Morrow’s term) of apologists like BS Lewis I find Berman’s analysis easy to credit.


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